RISK FACTORS, PREVENTION, AND TREATMENT OF INFECTIONS RELATED TO TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY: SYNTHESIS OF CLINICAL EVIDENCE

Abstract

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a complex surgery and is indicated for the treatment of degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and osteonecrosis, as well as femoral neck fractures. This procedure aims to restore mobility, relieve pain and improve patients’ quality of life. However, infections, especially periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), are serious complications that can compromise the success of the surgery. To identify risk factors, as well as methods of preventing and treating infections in THA. An integrative literature review was carried out, selecting clinical trials published in the last 10 years that addressed the proposed topic, using the following search strategy in the PUBMED database: hip[title] AND arthroplasty[title] AND infec*[title]. The analysis involved reading and discussing 12 articles, which addressed different aspects of infection prevention and management in THA. Although some interventions, such as collagen sponges with gentamicin and triclosan-coated sutures, have not significantly reduced the incidence of infections, others, such as closed incisional negative pressure therapy (ciNPWT) and washing with diluted betadine, have shown promise in certain contexts. Diagnostic accuracy, especially for coagulase-negative staphylococci, still presents challenges, highlighting the need for advances in diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Thus, despite advances, the prevention and management of infections in THA still require improvement, and interventions must be carefully evaluated to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the procedure. Level of Evidence IV; Evidence from Descriptive (non-experimental) or Qualitative Studies.