Terminalia catappa flour extract mitigated monosodium glutamate intoxicated rats’ kidney biofunction and histology

Abstract

Objective: This study investigated the Terminalia Catappa flour mitigated monosodium glutamate intoxicated rats’ kidney biofunction and histology. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four (24) male albino Wistar rats with mean weight of 120.61±15.15 g were divided into six groups (n=4). Group 1, the normal control group (received distilled water), group II, the negative control (received 8mg MSG/g b.wt), group III, the extract control (received 300 mg extract/kg b.wt), group IV (received 8 mg MSG/g b.wt. + 100 mg extract/kg b.wt.), group V (received 8 mg MSG/g b.wt. + 300 mg kg-1 b.wt. extract) and group VI received 8 mg MSG/g b.wt. + 500 mg extract/kg b.wt). Treatment was administered daily by oral gavage for 14 days. Data were subjected to one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan post-hoc test at p<0.05 and means were estimated and significant differences noted. Results: The significantly (p<0.05) higher serum urea concentration of rats exposed to MSG-alone compared to other controls (group I and III), suggested an interference with normal kidney glomerular hyper filtration function. The significantly (p<0.05) lower serum urea concentration observed for group III rats administered extract alone implied the possible ameliorative potential of T.catappa extract on the functional capacity of the kidney. The serum creatinine concentration of the MSG-alone treated group was non-significantly (p>0.05) lower compared to all other groups. There was significant difference (p<0.05) between group III and few other groups, as observed for chloride concentration which suggests promising potential for Terminalia catappa endocarp flour ethanol extract (TCEFEE) to improving the renal functional capacity of the kidneys of rats exposed to high concentration of MSG. A match of the photomicrographs against the results of the renal biochemical parameters depicts possible correlations. Conclusion: Against the backdrop that both urea and creatinine are observed to increase when damage occurs in the kidney, this study could not affirm apparently a dysfunctionality of the kidney since the creatinine concentration rather reduced after exposing the rats to high concentration of MSG. However, the Terminalia catappa endocarp flour ethanol extract exhibited mitigated roles, thus improved the renal functional capacity of the kidneys of the rats.