Three-dimensional measurement and three-dimensional printing of giant coastal rocks

Abstract

In recent years, the use of three-dimensional (3D) measurement and printing technologies has become an effective means of analyzing and reproducing both physical and natural objects, regardless of size. However, in some complex environments, such as coastal environments, it is difficult to obtain the required data by conventional measurement methods. In this paper, we de-scribe our efforts to archive and digitally reproduce a giant coastal rock formation known as Sanouiwa, a famous site off the coast of Miyako City, Iwate Prefecture, Japan. We used two different 3D measurement techniques. The first involved taking pictures using a drone-mounted camera, and the second involved the use of global navigation satellite system data. The point cloud data gener-ated from the high-resolution camera images were integrated using 3D shape reconstruction soft-ware, and 3D digital models were created for use in tourism promotion and environmental protec-tion awareness initiatives. Finally, we fabricated the 3D digital models of the rocks with 3D printers for use as museum exhibitions, school curriculum materials, and related applications.