Determination of 40 elements in powdered infant formulas and related risk assessment

Abstract

The aim of the study was to analyze all powdered infant formulas authorized and com-mercialized in Italy at the time of the study to measure the concentrations of 40 elements, and to estimate the infants’ intake of some toxic heavy metals for assessing possible related health risks. For this purpose, an optimized multi-element method was used through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Be, B, Al, Zr, Nb, Sb, Te, W, V, Cr and As concentrations were