Importance of aerobiological monitoring to determine artemisia and ambrosia hypersensitivity

Abstract

Introduction: Allergic sensitization to aeroallergen (atmospheric pollen and fungal spores) is the most common seasonal allergy trigger. The main reason for that study is unexpected skin prick test results obtained in our dermatology department. For that reason, we would like to check whether the consequences depend on cross-reactivity or aeroallergen invasion. Aim: The purpose of the present study is to determine the pollen types, including the amount and concentration of the native and invasive pollen in the Canakkale Region during the spring and summer periods. The main reason for that study is unexpected skin prick test results obtained in our dermatology department. For that reason, we would like to check whether the consequences depend on cross-reactivity or aeroallergen invasion. Material and methods: The pollen monitoring station was placed in the Canakkale Central Public Park. The sampling was performed by a Durham trap based on the gravimetric method. The slide was replaced with a new one every week and evaluated by 10x ocular and 40x apochromatic lenses. Results: The primary pollen producers were the following arboreal plants: Pinus sp. (65.0%), Quercus sp. (9.37%), Platanus sp. (4.29%), Moraceae (3.87%), Oleaceae (2.71%). The pollen distribution of herbaceous plants and bushes were determined as Poaceae (4.34%), Chenopodiaceae (1.99%), Plantago sp. (1.97%) and Xanthium sp. (1.35%). In addition to our current knowledge, Ambrosia pollens' first record was found with a ratio of 0.22% in the Canakkale atmosphere. These invasive plants have most probably entered the atmosphere with long-distance transport. Conclusions: Aerobiological monitoring is essential to determine allergen variety and concentrations to find a cure against pollinosis. The health professionals should apply a skin prick test against a significant allergen, i.e. Ambrosia pollens even if there is no previous report in the region. The authors also advised clinicians to be aware of pollen invasion to ensure that patients do not have false-negative results.