OPTIMIZATION OF OLIVE OIL, TWEEN 80, AND PROPYLENE GLYCOL OF SELFNANOEMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM OF ZINC OXIDE BY D-OPTIMAL METHOD

Abstract

The incidence of skin cancer in Indonesia reaches 6-8%, so the skin needs effective protection. Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a sunscreen with Sun Protecting Factor (SPF) 50 which is able to reduce exposure to Ultraviolet rays. ZnO is difficult to dissolve in water making an obstacle if dispersed in a hydro gel matrix, so it is formulated into a Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) preparation. SNEDDS formula was made using tween 80 as surfactant, propylene glycol as a co-surfactant, and olive oil. The optimum proportion of the three components was optimized with the D-Optimal method using Design Expert Stat-Ease 9 Trial software. Software obtained 16 formulas which were tested for physical stability response: transmittance value (%) and pH value. SNEDDS optimum formula was compared with the D-Optimal prediction formula using the student's t-test statistical analysis (p>0.05), the loading dose of ZnO, Particle Size Analysis, and Zeta Potential. The optimum proportion of propylene glycol, tween 80, and olive oil making up SNEDDS were 9.9%: 81%: 9.1% respectively. The result of the percent transmittance response was 92.30% and the pH value was 7.20. Software prediction results: transmittance value was 92.59% and pH value was 7.37. Statistical analysis of one sample t-test showed no difference between observations and D-Optimal predictions. SNEDDS was able to load 2.0 mg ZnO/gram SNEDDS with a particle size of 150.2 nm; polydispersity index of 0.54 and zeta potential of -28.50 mV. The SPF value of SNEDDS ZnO was 16.