Abstract
The potential of amine-based solvents was investigated by a thermodynamic analysis for low-energy CO2 capture from the flue gas of a thermal power plant. The solubility of CO2 into the amine-based solvent was predicted by the vapor-liquid equilibrium model on the basis of absorption reactions between CO2 and amine. The model was covered for developed and developing amine-based solvents. Considering the energy consumptions of CO2 capture and compression, the power output of the coal-fired power plant with a post-combustion CO2 capture was estimated. The results showed that the solvent characteristics of high CO2 cyclic capacity and low absorption heat had an important effect on reducing the thermal energy requirement for CO2 capture. In the case of CO2 capture from a 12% CO2-containing flue gas, the lowest thermal energy requirement was estimated at approximately 2 GJ/ t-CO2, and the efficiency penalty of power generation was reduced to 7.2%pt. Also, concerning the impact of CO2 capture and compression on the power generation system, 1%pt. of power generation efficiency could be recovered by lowering 0.6 GJ/t-CO 2 of the thermal energy requirement of CO2 capture. These results mean that the amine-based solvents still have high capability to improve energy performance of post-combustion CO2 capture. However, lowering the regeneration temperature in the range of 90 °C to 130 °C did not have a significant advantage in reducing energy consumption. This comprehensive analysis for the CO2 capture and compression integrated with a coal-fired power plant is useful for process evaluation, and the desire will be to extend the analysis to other applications. アミン吸収液による火力発電所燃焼排ガスからの CO2 分離回収について,所要エネルギー削減に向けたアミ ン系吸収液の可能 性を検討した。具体的には,アミン系吸収液の CO2 溶解度を CO2 吸収反応をもとに気液平衡をモデル化し,CO2 分離回収プロセ スおよび CO2 回収型石炭火力発電システムを対象にエネルギー収支を解析した。その結果,CO2 分離回収の所要熱エネルギー の削減には吸収液の CO2 回収容量や吸収熱を小さくすることが効果があった。また,CO2 濃度 12% の燃焼排ガスに対して,所要 熱エネルギー 2 GJ/t-CO2 の可能性が示され,その場合の発電効率の低下は 7.2%pt. となった。CO2 回収型発電システムに対する CO2 分離回収の影響は, 化学吸収液の所要熱エネルギーを 0.6 GJ/t-CO2下げることによ り, 発電効率を1%pt. 改善することができる。 これら結果は化学吸収液の更なる高性能化の可能性を示している。一方,吸収液の再生温度については 90℃~ 130℃の範囲にお いて発電効率への影響は小さかった。今回の解析手法は CO2 回収技術の実施に向けた検討に有益であり,様々な CO2 排出源へ の展開が期待できる。
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CITATION STYLE
GOTO, K., CHOWDHURY, F. A., YAMADA, H., & HIGASHII, T. (2016). Potential of Amine-based Solvents for Energy-saving CO 2 Capture from a Coal-fired Power Plant. Journal of the Japan Institute of Energy, 95(12), 1133–1141. https://doi.org/10.3775/jie.95.1133
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