Étude de faisabilité d'un greffon biofabriqué pour traiter des récessions parodontales

Abstract

Introduction: Tissue engineering is a good candidate for treating periodontal recession. This feasibility study proposed a protocol for biofabrication of customized periodontal grafts to treat this problem. Technics: Cell seeding of collagen matrices was done by laser-assisted bioprinting, and post-printing cell viability was assessed. The collagen hydrogel matrix printing was performed by a Microdrop® piezoelectric inkjet system. Optimal conditions were determined by fabricating samples whose dimensions and morphology were suitable for clinical use. Then, the hydrogel matrix printing was carried out directly on collagen membranes to evaluate the ease of the graft handling. The hydrogel matrices had the expected shape, the cells were viable, and the graft was easy to handle and suturable. Comments: The matrix printing allowed one to choose the graft thickness. Fibroblast organization was expected to improve the mechanical resistance and esthetics of periodontal grafts in vivo. Conclusion: This preliminary feasibility study established the bases of the concept. More studies are necessary to assess the graft remodeling both in vitro and in vivo.