Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Alanine to Valine Polymorphism and Risk of Neuropathy and Nephropathy in Egyptian Type 1 Diabetic Patients

Abstract

Oxidative stress, characterized by a marked increase in the level of oxygen free radicals (OFR), has been implicated in the development of diabetic microangiopathic complications, such as diabetic neuropathy (DN) and nephropathy (DP). Antioxidant enzymes may protect against the rapid onset and progression of microangiopathy, by reducing the excess of OFR and peroxides. Mutations and polymorphisms in genes encoding such enzymes may therefore result in a predisposition to this disorder.