Separation of Flavonoids in the Extract Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thw. Leaves from Indonesia and the Philippines

Abstract

Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn,) Thw. is a plant that has many benefits on health because every part of this plant contains secondary metabolites. Flavonoid class is one of the secondary metabolite that contained in the leaves. Flavonoids has pharmacological potencies or therapeutic effects. The objective of this research was to observe how many compound of flavonoid from the ethanolic extract Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thw. leaves, that obtained from Indonesia and The Philippines by using Thin Layer Chromatograpy and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy. Two leaves powder of Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thw. from Indonesia and The Philippines were extracted by using 70% of ethanol, respectively. The dry extract was obtained by rotary evaporation. The flavonoids of both dry extracts that obtained were analyzed by phytochemical assay. The separating of flavonoid class of both extract were analyzed by TLC and LC-MS. Based on the phytochemical screening, both of the ethanol extract of Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thw. from Indonesia and The Philippines showed that positive flavonoids. The result of TLC separation contained of flavonoids based on the yellowish-green, yellow, green, until blue spots under UV exposure. LC-MS separation showed that the both of extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids including to flavonols and cyanidine, with the similar pattern of LC-MS, respectively. The presence of flavonoids were quercetin with RT 5,39 and 5,05, respectively, and molecular weight m/z = 302,5-303,5. Rutin showed the single peak with RT 2,61 and 2,62, respectively, and molecular weight m/z = 610,5-611,5. Then, leucocyanidin with RT 5,16 and 5,15, and molecular weight m/z = 306,5-307,5. Beside that both of extracts also contained analogues compound. In conclusion, the both of ethanolic extract of Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thw. contain flavonoid class such as rutin, quercetin and analogues compounds.