Analysis of the 2-Bag Method for the Management of Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Retrospective before and after Study

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of a two-bag method compared with a one-bag method for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). We hypothesize that a two-bag method will decrease the incidence of hypoglycemia, when compared with a one-bag method. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on patients treated for DKA at a Trinity Health institution between 2020 and 2022. A total of 1084 adult patients were included. Patients treated with the one-bag protocol were included in the pre-group, while those treated with the two-bag protocol were included in the post-group. The primary outcome was incidence of hypoglycemia (blood glucose <70 mg/dL). Secondary outcomes included time to anion gap closure, insulin infusion duration, time to HCO3 correction, and incidence of hypokalemia. Patients were excluded if they were pregnant or diagnosed with Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS), euglycemic DKA, or ketosis from other causes. Results: The incidence of hypoglycemia was 38% in the pre-group and 15.83% in the post-group (P