Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of rhizanthes deceptor (Rafflesiaceae) and its host Tetrastigma papillosum

Abstract

Rhizanthes deceptor is a species that found only in Sumatera, Indonesia. Crude ethanolic extract of Rhizanthes deceptor and it’s host, T. papillosum papillosum were examined for their phytochemical properties and antioxidant activity by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The phytochemical qualitative analysis showed that all the extracts, containing alkaloid, phenolic and flavonoid. Triterpenoid detected in bud extract and root extract, saponin detected in root and stem extract and steroid only detected in stem extract. The result showed high level of total phenolic content from all the extract with their value are 431.52, 323.93 and 271.38 mg GAE/g from bud extract of R. deceptor, root and stem of T. papillosum, respectively. Presence of detected secondary metabolites thought to contribute to antioxidant activity of this extract. Antioxidant activity of the plants showed that bud extract of R. deceptor and root and stem extract of T. papillosum had fairly high DPPH antioxidant activity with IC50 are 32, 22 and 35 μg mLG1, respectively. The result of antioxidant activity test indicates that R. deceptor and T. papillosum as, natural sources of antioxidant.