Implementation of Water Management in Agriculture using IoT for Small Farms

Abstract

Our earth has 71% water in which 97% is saline water and in 3% fresh water 70% of fresh water is in glacier form, water left for human usage is 30% that is less than 1% of total fresh water present on earth. To combat water scarcity in summer and to use water wisely in agriculture as it is the highest user of fresh water in the world we have done a comparison project between drip irrigation and IoT based irrigation. As agriculture uses most of fresh water but the water required for plants is much lesser than farmers water their plants, overwatering will lead into many problems rather than solution like fertility of soil decreases as the nutrients gets washed out, because of that fertility of soil decreases and over use of pesticides and fertilizers also degrades soil fertility because of that soil dies that is microbes dies, the first step to improve soil fertility is proper water management which can be achieved by using IoT that is by using Arduino, raspberry pi, solenoids, moisture sensor, temperature sensor and humidity sensor and this data can be collected so that it can be used for future farming by altering the water supply so that farmers can get good results. This not only increases soil fertility but also increases efficiency and decreases water consumption which can be used for later usage so the farmers will never face water scarcity. Keywords—Arduino, Raspberry Pi, Solenoid, Moisture sensor.