Is central line type an independent risk factor of central line-associated bloodstream infection in a neonatal intensive care unit population? Experiences at a pediatric hospital in South Texas

Abstract

Background: Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) causes significant harm in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) patients. However, data regarding risk factors and prevention strategies for CLABSI in NICU patients is limited. Objective: To examine risk factors for CLABSI in a NICU population, with particular interest in central line type and site placement. Design: Retrospective case-control study. Setting: NICU (Level IV, 67 bed) at a pediatric hospital in South Texas. Participants: All central line insertions and subsequent CLABSI cases were extracted from the EHR for NICU admissions occurring from January 1, 2018, to November 3, 2022 (N = 1,356), along with potential CLABSI risk factors. Methods: Central line insertions resulting in CLABSI (N = 35) were compared to instances without CLABSI (N = 1,321) using bivariate and multivariate analysis, with propensity score matching. Results: Multivariate risk factors include implantable device (odds ratio [OR] = 14.5, P