A Comparative Study on the Phytochemicals and Antimicrobial Activities of the Hexane Extracts of the Leaves of Tectona Grandis and Its Mistletoe

Abstract

A comparative study on the phytochemical constituents and antimicrobial activities of the hexane extracts of the leaves of Tectona grandis and its mistletoe was carried out. The phytochemical screening was carried out by adopting standard methods. Agar well diffusion method was employed for the antimicrobial screening of the extracts of the leaves of Tectona grandis and its mistletoe. The phytochemical screening results of hexane extract of Tectona grandis leaves revealed the presence of steroids, glycosides, saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides and volatile oils, while the hexane extract of the mistletoe leaves revealed the presence of steroids, terpenoids, saponins, glycosides and cardiac glycosides. For the antimicrobial activities screening, the results revealed the hexane extract of the mistletoe leaves to have greater zone of inhibition in Staphylococcus aureus (24mm), Escherichia coli (26mm), Salmonella typhi (20mm) and Pseudomonas aeriginosa (12mm) than the hexane extract of the Tectona grandis leaves in Staphylococcus aureus (16mm), Escherichia coli (13mm), Salmonella typhi (18mm) and Pseudomonas aeriginosa (10mm). The hexane extracts of the leaves of Tectona grandis and its mistletoe were not active on the Klebsiella pneumonia. The result of the antimicrobial screening showed the extracts of the leaves of the mistletoe to be more active than the leaves of Tectona grandis. The leaf extracts of Tectona grandis and its mistletoe can serve as antibiotics in ethno medicine.