Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in children

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical features of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) in children. Design: A retrospective study. Setting: Six children diagnosed with BPPV between March 2014 and March 2015 were retrospectively evaluated. BPPV was diagnosed using the Dix-Hallpike and supine roll tests and treated with either the modified Epley particle repositioning procedure or Lempert or Gufoni manoeuvre. Follow-up was performed at 1-week intervals until vertigo and nystagmus disappeared during positional testing. Participants: A total of six children were followed up for a period of 10-22 months. Main outcome measures: Clinical features such as history, nystagmus and symptoms of vertigo, dizziness and nausea. Results: Six children were diagnosed with BPPV using positional testing and treated with the modified Epley or Lempert/Gufoni particle repositioning procedures. Four children were diagnosed with posterior canal BPPV, while the remaining two were diagnosed with horizontal canal BPPV. One girl reported a history of head trauma, one girl had a family history of vertigo, and one boy reported hearing loss in the same ear as that affected by BPPV. Overall, 83.33% of children (5/6) were completely relieved of vertigo following one treatment session. The remaining child was asymptomatic after two sessions. No child reported relapse of vertigo during the follow-up period. Conclusions: BPPV can be diagnosed accurately by taking a detailed medical history and by use of positional testing. BPPV in children can be successfully identified and treated.