The anterolateral ligament is a secondary stabilizer in the knee joint

Abstract

Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the biomechanical effect of the anterolateral ligament (ALL), anterior cruciate ligament (AcL), or both ALL and AcL on kinematics under dynamic loading conditions using dynamic simulation subject-specific knee models. Methods Five subject-specific musculoskeletal models were validated with computationally predicted muscle activation, electromyography data, and previous experimental data to analyze effects of the ALL and AcL on knee kinematics under gait and squat loading conditions. Results Anterior translation (AT) significantly increased with deficiency of the AcL, ALL, or both structures under gait cycle loading. Internal rotation (IR) significantly increased with deficiency of both the AcL and ALL under gait and squat loading conditions. However, the deficiency of ALL was not significant in the increase of AT, but it was significant in the increase of IR under the squat loading condition. Conclusion The results of this study confirm that the ALL is an important lateral knee structure for knee joint stability. The ALL is a secondary stabilizer relative to the AcL under simulated gait and squat loading conditions.