A Qualitative Investigation of Swimming Experiences of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders and Their Families

Abstract

OBJECTIVE To understand the swimming experience from the perspective of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their families. METHODS We interviewed 12 diverse families using a semi-structured interview with follow-up probing questions related to their swimming experiences. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and coded by researchers. RESULTS Themes included family water activities, safety, characteristics of ASD, instructional methods, swim skills, swimming preferences, barriers/challenges, and benefits of swimming. Findings indicate positive experiences and skill acquisition were prevalent when instructional methods matched a child's unique needs. Parents revealed they were more confident in safety as their children's swimming competence improved. Individualized instructional methods and unique characteristics of ASD may influence perceived safety.