Dynamics of ternary-hybrid nanofluid subject to magnetic flux density and heat source or sink on a convectively heated surface

Abstract

The size and intensity of the system of delocalized electrons are reflected in the form of the induced magnetic field. Even though this also affects nearby molecules, nothing is known on the significance of stagnant water conveying silver Ag, aluminum oxide Al2O3, and aluminum Al nanoparticles of different shapes on a horizontal surface experiencing convectively heating as applicable in the industry. Relevant similarity transformations were adopted to non-dimenzionalized the governing equations and solved numerically using the 3-stage Lobatto IIIa integration formula for a finite difference (MATLAB package bvp4c). Based on the analysis of the new results, it is worth concluding that either in the case of heat source or heat sink, an increment in the convective heating of the wall is a factor capable to boost the temperature distribution. Increasing effects of an inclined magnetic field are capable to cause the distance between the turning points of shear stress and that of the gradient of magnetic flux density to be located at the middle of the domain.