Optimization of Production Botanily Seeds (TSS) Shallot ( Alliun cepa var. ascalonicum) Biru Lancor Variety through improvement of hand pollination in the lowland

Abstract

The productivity of shallots is influenced by bulb quality, disease, and low vigor characteristics, leading to many ideas for developing true shallot seed (TSS). TSS planting material advantage is the use of less seed, it can be said maintenance would be easier, minimization of seed-borne diseases, and has a fairly long shelf life compared to seed tubers. It is hoped that improved pollination through modification of Hand Artificial Pollination can replace or increase the success of flowers into fruit and be followed by the formation of true seeds or True Shallot Seed (TSS) of the biru lancor variety of red onion in the lowland. The research aims to analyze the treatment of Hand Artificial Pollination in replacing insect pollination in the production of true seed (TSS) of the lancor blue variety in the Lowlands. The research method was to prepare the bulbs of the biru lancor variety shallots given vernalization treatment by storing in the refrigerator (showcase) at temperatures of 5°C, 10°C, and room temperature for 4 weeks. Furthermore, the tuber seeds after undergoing vernalization are planted. Research results show vernalization with a temperature of 10°C has no significant effect compared to tubers without vernalization. Vernalization with 5°C temperature can increase flowering and fruit formation (number of umbels per clump, number of flowers per umbel, number of fruit per umbel), viability, and pollen count, production of TSS seeds (number of seeds per umbel, seed weight per umbel, seed weight per clump).