Research on Application of Electric Vehicle Collision Based on Reliability Optimization Design Method

Abstract

When mentioning multidisciplinary design optimization methods, the deterministic optimum design is frequently applied to set the constraint boundary. Furthermore, only a small amount of space tolerances (or uncertainty) is available in the process of design, manufacture and operation. Therefore, deterministic optimum design lacking uncertainty cannot meet the needs of reliability-based design optimization. In this paper, reliability optimization design method, finite element (FE) analysis, optimal Latin hypercube test design and response surface approximation model are combined to optimize the side structure of electric vehicles and improve its crashworthiness. Firstly, a side impact FE model of the electric vehicle is established and verified in this paper. Then, the dimensions and the material yield strength of the force-bearing structure in the vehicle are selected as design variables, and the impact speed in the actual collision is selected as a random variable to optimize the car crashworthiness in the side impact using the 95% reliability optimization method. The results show that the 95% reliability optimization design increases the total energy absorption of the side components by 9.45%, the intrusion of the B-pillar and the vehicle door inner panel decreased by 10.42% and 14.75%, respectively. The intrusion speed of the B-pillar and the inner panel of the vehicle door decreases by 10.35% and 17.78%, respectively. By comparing the results of traditional deterministic optimization and reliability optimization methods, the latter can better satisfy the crash safety objectives, and improve the reliability of vehicle body design.