Anthropologically introduced biases in natural history collections, with a case study on the invertebrate paleontology collections from the middle cambrian spence shale lagerstätte

Abstract

Natural history collections are critical for modern scientific investigations, which are greatly expanding on the potential data applications of historic specimens. How-ever, using these specimens outside their original intent introduces biases and potential misinterpretations. Anthropogenic biases can be introduced at any point during the life of museum specimens, from collection, preparation, and accession, to digitization. These biases can cause significant effects when the user is unaware of the collection context, as specific collection biases are often known anecdotally, but not ubiquitously. In this case study, the University of Kansas collection of Spence Shale Lagerstätte material was examined for anthropogenic biases using a collections inventory, inter-views with stakeholders, and a literature review. Biases were found related to collector interest, locality preference, and researcher interest and specialization. These biases create a distorted view on the diversity and ecology of the Spence Shale, and need to be considered in future research.