Modeling the Mathematical Transmission of a Pneumonia Epidemic Model with Awareness

Abstract

A new model for the transmission of a pneumonia epidemic, considering awareness and a mass action incidence function, is presented. Stability analyses for disease-free and endemic equilibrium points are conducted. The Basic Reproduction Number (Ro) for pneumonia with awareness is defined and analyzed, showing stability when (Ro < 1)  and transitioning to an endemic state when (Ro > 1)  . Additionally, a special case is highlighted where the Basic Reproduction Number (Ro*) (without awareness) is greater than  (Ro). Basic Reproduction Number with awareness, i.e. (Ro* = 1.0965 > Ro = 0.8772). Furthermore, a numerical simulation is provided to depict how awareness influences the dynamic management of the disease. The results underscore the crucial role of awareness in educating the public about infection risks, ultimately contributing to a decrease in the health burden by mitigating the epidemic peak.