Mesangial cells release untransformed prostaglandin h2 as a major prostanoid

Abstract

Background. Prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) is the precursor of the other prostanoids and exhibits a vasoconstricting activity. Glomerular mesangial cells are an important source of vaso-active prostanoids in kidney. Hence, the present investigation focused on the release of untransformed PGH2 by rat glomerular mesangial cells (RGMCs). Methods. Synthesis of prostanoid by resting and interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-treated (overnight) RGMCs from exogenous or endogenous arachidonic acid (AA) was assessed by high-performance liquid chromtography or enzyme immunoassay, respectively. Cyclo-oxygenase isoforms were determined by Western blotting. Release of untransformed PGH2 from exogenous AA was evaluated in RGMCs and intact glomeruli as the difference of PGF2α formed in the incubations performed in the presence and in the absence of SnCl2 or measuring the ability of aspirintreated platelets to form thromboxane B2 (TXB2) in mixed incubations of platelets and RGMCs or glomeruli. Results. The prostanoids formed by RGMCs were PGE2, PGF2α, PGI2 and PGD2. SnCl2 totally deviated formation of PGE2 and PGD2 toward PGF2α in resting RGMCs, whereas PGE2 was only partially deviated toward PGF2α in IL-1β-treated RGMCs. The PGE2/PGD2 ratio in resting RGMCs was similar to that expected for nonenzymatic isomerization of PGH2, whereas this ratio was higher in IL-1β-treated RGMCs, suggesting the induction of PGE synthase by IL-1β. Aspirin-treated platelets formed TXB2 when either RGMCs or intact glomeruli were present in the incubation and formation of TXB2 was approximately fourfold higher with IL-1β-treated RGMCs or glomeruli. Conclusions. RGMCs and intact glomeruli released substantial amounts of untransformed PGH2, which was enhanced following exposure to IL-1β.