Optimization of Plasmonic Copper Content at Copper-Modified Strontium Titanate (Cu-SrTiO3): Synthesis, Characterization, Photocatalytic Activity

Abstract

Catalyst development still has a major impact on science today, as we can use catalysts to break down certain pollutants in an energy-efficient way. There is no comprehensive literature on the development of SrTiO3-based photocatalysts, so study in this area is justified. Related to this topic, here we report the facile preparation of surface-modified SrTiO3 photocatalyst, performed by plasmonic copper deposition. In the case of the copper-modified samples (0.25–3 wt.% Cu content), the photooxidation of phenol, as model contaminant, was almost 4–5 times higher than the bare SrTiO3. However, the photocatalytic activity was not linearly related to copper content, since the highest photoactivity was achieved at 1 wt.% copper content. The reason for the better activity was the plasmonic effect of copper, which increases the recombination time of charge separation on the catalyst surface. During slower recombination, more water is oxidized to hydroxyl radicals, which can lead to faster degradation of phenol.