Edge and confinement effects allow in situ measurement of size and thickness of liquid-exfoliated nanosheets

Abstract

Two-dimensional nanomaterials such as MoS 2 are of great interest both because of their novel physical properties and their applications potential. Liquid exfoliation, an important production method, is limited by our inability to quickly and easily measure nanosheet size, thickness or concentration. Here we demonstrate a method to simultaneously determine mean values of these properties from an optical extinction spectrum measured on a liquid dispersion of MoS 2 nanosheets. The concentration measurement is based on the size-independence of the low-wavelength extinction coefficient, while the size and thickness measurements rely on the effect of edges and quantum confinement on the optical spectra. The resultant controllability of concentration, size and thickness facilitates the preparation of dispersions with pre-determined properties such as high monolayer-content, leading to first measurement of A-exciton MoS2luminescence in liquid suspensions. These techniques are general and can be applied to a range of two-dimensional materials including WS2, MoSe2and WSe2. © 2014 Macmillan Publishers Limited.