Optimal Sizing of Photovoltaic Irrigation Water Pumping System in Samara

Abstract

Water pumping from wells and rivers for irrigation is a well established procedure on many farms in Iraq and is practical on various levels around the world. Typical irrigation systems consume a great amount of conventional energy through the use of electric motors and generators powered by fuel. The overall objective of this research was to determine the feasibility of using photovoltaic (PV) modules to power a water pump for a small-scale irrigation system in the NorthWest of Iraq (Samara). The study involved field observations, simulations of global solar radiation and PV electrical output. Field observations involved an installation of 24-monocrystaline silicon PV modules as shown in figure (1). This system was installed to give maximum power equal to (1960 watt) with maximum open circuit voltage (V oc = 175 volts) and maximum short circuit (I sc = 14 Amp). This module was connected to the pump via a charge controller and AC inverter. The parameters monitored were voltage, current, back-of-panel temperature, pressure, and flow. These observed parameters were used to determine PV electrical output and volume of water pumped. Site latitude, elevation, and panel tilt were applied to the solar radiation and PV electrical output models. PV electrical output and volume of water pumped were monitored between January 2000 and December 2000. As expected, an increase in power causes an increase in the volume of water pumped. ‫ري‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺠﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻣﺮاء‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺴﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺰراﻋ‬ ‫ﺮض‬ ‫ﻟﻐ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﮭ‬ ‫او‬ ‫ﺎر‬ ‫اﻻﺑ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺎء‬ ‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﺦ‬ ‫ﺿ‬ ‫ان‬ ‫ﺮاء‬ ‫إﺟ‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ھ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺘﻤ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺰارع‬ ‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻠﻌﺪﯾ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮاق‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫وﯾﻤﺎرس‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫أﻧﺤﺎء‬ ‫ﺟﻤﯿﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻮﯾﺎت‬. ‫ﺮا‬ ‫ﻛﺒﯿ‬ ‫ﺪرا‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺘﮭﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﺴ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﻠﯿﺪﯾ‬ ‫ﺮي‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﻠﯿﺪﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﺮﻛﺎت‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻮﻗﻮد‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﻮﻟﺪات‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﯿﮫ‬. 3068 ‫ا‬ ‫ﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤ‬ ‫ﺬا‬ ‫ھ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺴﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﮭﺪف‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ھ‬ ‫ﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﺳ‬ ‫ﺪوى‬ ‫ﺟ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾ‬ ‫ﯿﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻤﺴ‬ ‫ﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗ‬ ‫ﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣ‬) PV (‫ﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﯿﺎه‬ ‫ﻀﺦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﻈ‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ﺎﻣﺮاء‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﯾﻨ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬. ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪراﺳ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺖ‬ ‫وﺷ‬ ‫ﺎة‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎﻛ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻤﺴ‬ ‫ﻌﺎع‬ ‫ﻟﻺﺷ‬ ‫ﻮﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳ‬ PV ‫واﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻟﺪة‬. ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﯿﺐ‬ 24 ‫وﺣﺪات‬ PV monocrystalin. ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ ‫ھﺬا‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗ‬ ‫ﻹﻋﻄﺎء‬ ‫ﺜﺒﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺼﻮى‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺴﺎوي‬) 1960 ‫واط‬ (‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺟﮭﺪ‬ ‫أﻗﺼﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺘﻮﺣﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬ = 175 ‫ﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻮﻟ‬ ‫ﺎر‬ ‫ﺗﯿ‬ ‫ﻰ‬ ‫اﻗﺼ‬ ‫و‬) I SC = 14 ‫أﻣﺒﯿﺮ‬ .(‫ﻋﺎﻛﺲ‬ ‫وﺟﮭﺎز‬ ‫ﺷﺤﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻀﺨﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺑﻂ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ھﺬه‬. ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻮﻟﺘﯿ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ھ‬ ‫ﺪھﺎ‬ ‫رﺻ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻄﯿﺎت‬ , ‫ﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺘﯿ‬ , ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺎﻋﺪﺗﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫واﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﺎن‬ ‫واﻟﺠﺮﯾ‬ ‫ﺮارة‬ ‫اﻟﺤ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻐﻂ‬ ‫اﻟﻀ‬ ‫ﺗﺜﺒﯿﺖ‬ ‫وزاوﯾﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎء‬ ‫وارﺗﻔﺎع‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﺪﻓﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎء‬ ‫وﺣﺠﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻟﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﯿﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻤﺴﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻟﻮاح‬. ‫ان‬ ‫ﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺜ‬ ‫ﺎﻧﻮن‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻔﺘﺮة‬ ‫وﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﮫ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺿﺨﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎء‬ ‫وﻛﻤﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻟﺪة‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ 2000 ‫اﻻول‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﻮن‬ ‫وﻟﻐﺎﯾﺔ‬ 2000 ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻟﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫زادت‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺣﻆ‬ ‫وﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﯿ‬ ‫زادت‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤ‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﺪﻓﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎء‬ .