Allergic rhinitis

Abstract

Allergic rhinitis involves an inflammatory response of the nasal mucous membranes and is thus classically characterised by nasal congestion, itching, a runny nose and sneezing. However, multiple ear, nose and throat organs may be involved, each contributing their own additive signs and symptoms and risk for complications. The classification of allergic rhinitis is now based on the symptom duration and severity and no longer annual seasons. The golden standard remains the use of intranasal corticosteroids, despite the availability of several other treatment options. This article will explore the pathophysiology, classification, sign and symptoms and the management of allergic rhinitis.