Cytosolic concentrations of actin binding proteins and the implications for in vivo F-actin turnover

Abstract

Understanding how numerous actin-binding proteins (ABPs) work in concert to control the assembly, organization, and turnover of the actin cytoskeleton requires quantitative information about the levels of each component. Here, we measured the cellular concentrations of actin and the majority of the conserved ABPs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, as well as the free (cytosolic) fractions of each ABP. The cellular concentration of actin is estimated to be 13.2 µM, with approximately two-thirds in the F-actin form and one-third in the G-actin form. Cellular concentrations of ABPs range from 12.4 to 0.85 µM (Tpm1> Pfy1> Cof1> Abp1> Srv2> Abp140> Tpm2> Aip1> Cap1/2> Crn1> Sac6> Twf1> Arp2/3> Scp1). The cytosolic fractions of all ABPs are unexpectedly high (0.6–0.9) and remain so throughout the cell cycle. Based on these numbers, we speculate that F-actin binding sites are limited in vivo, which leads to high cytosolic levels of ABPs, and in turn helps drive the rapid assembly and turnover of cellular F-actin structures.