Free radical scavenging activity, determination of phenolic compounds and HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS profile of Campomanesia adamantium leaves

Abstract

Numerous diseases are induced by free radicals via lipid peroxidation, protein peroxidation and DNA damage. It has been known that a variety of plant extracts have antioxidant activity to scavenge free radicals. Campomanesia adamantium (Myrtaceae) is a small tree with edible fruit, commonly known as "guavira" or "guabiroba-branca" that has been used in popular medicine as depurative anti-diarrhoeic, antiinflammatory, anti-rheumatic and to liver diseases. In this study, the antiradical activities of ethanol crude extract of the leaves from C. adamantium and the ethyl acetate and butanol fractions obtained by partition, were determined using DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical) and ORAC-FL (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) assays. The total phenol content in the samples was estimated by Folin Ciocalteau method (FCR). In an initial evaluation the ethanolic extract and the fractions ethyl acetate and butanol have shown levels of phenolic compounds between 15-74 mg GAE/g in FCR assay, showed DPPH free-radical scavenging activity with SC50 in the range of 7.77-13.35 μg/mL and demonstrated antioxidant capacity between 2648-3502 μmol TE/g of extract and fractions in the ORAC-FL assay. HPLC-DAD and ESI-MS analysis revealed were that the extract of the leaves of C. adamantium studied appears to contain flavonoids as major constituents, including isoquercetrin and quercetin that exhibit proven antioxidant activity.