Colour and Surface Chemistry Changes of Wood Surfaces Coated with Two Types of Waxes after Seven Years Exposure to Natural Light in Indoor Conditions

Abstract

The ageing of materials is an irreversible, in-time occurring complex phenomenon, which affects both wood surfaces and the coating materials. This paper focuses on the light-induced natural ageing of wood-coated surfaces in indoor conditions. Two wood species: European maple (Acer pseudoplatanus) and European walnut (Juglans regia) and two types of waxes: bees wax and Chinese wax were employed in the experiments presented in this paper. Uncoated and coated wood samples were exposed to the natural sunlight filtered by window glass in a simulated indoors natural ageing test for a total period of 7 years. Colour measurements in the CIE-Lab system and FTIR-ATR investigation were employed to evaluate the ageing phenomena. The uncoated wooden samples underwent progressive colour changes perceived as darkening for European maple and lightening for European walnut, corresponding to total colour differences values (ΔE) after 7 years of exposure of 12.54 and 11.66, respectively. Coating of wood samples with the two types of waxes differently influenced the total colour changes for the two wood species: reduced colour changes corresponding to ΔE values of 4.79–6.44 were determined for European maple, whilst increased colour changes corresponding to ΔE values of 13.80–20.83 were determined for European walnut. FTIR analysis highlighted different surface chemistry changes for the uncoated and wax-coated wood samples.