Microleakage of a self-adhesive class V composite on primary and permanent dentitions

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the microleakage of Class V restorations filled with a 7th-generation self-adhesive composite. Materials and methods: In 40 permanent premolars and 80 primary canines, 160 Class V cavities were prepared, which were filled with four restorative materials (n of each material = 20 permanent and 20 primary restorations): control: nonbonded composite (Heliomolar), GI: glass ionomer (Fuji IX GP), BC: bonded Heliomolar, SC: self-adhesive composite (Embrace WetBond). Dye penetration was scored 0 to 4 at 160 coronal and 160 gingival margins under 40× magnification by two examiners. The data were analyzed with Mann-Whitney U test (α = 0.01). Results: The mean microleakages of the materials (in the order of 'control, GI, BC, SC') at each margin-dentition (n = 20 margins) were: coronal-permanent (3.25 ± 0.72, 2.75 ± 0.72, 0.35 ± 0.59, 2.7 ± 0.73), coronal-primary (3.3 ± 0.66, 2.85 ± 0.88, 0.55 ± 0.76, 2.65 ± 1.14), gingival-permanent (3.35 ± 0.67, 0.85 ± 0.67, 2.95 ± 0.83, 1.55 ± 1.23), and gingival-primary (3.25 ± 0.72, 0.85 ± 0.59, 2.85 ± 0.89, 2.85 ± 0.93). Compared with the control microleakage at each margin-dentition (each group's n = 20 margins), BC microleakage was significantly lesser at coronal margins only (p = 0.000), GI microleakage was lower at gingival margins only (p = 0.000), and SC microleakage was smaller at gingival margins of permanent teeth only (p = 0.000). After combining coronal/gingival margins, only SC microleakage in primary dentition (n = 40 margins) was not significantly lesser than the control in primary teeth (p = 0.018); and microleakage of all other material-dentitions were lesser than corresponding control-dentitions (p = 0.000). Permanent and primary teeth had similar results for all material-margins (p > 0.5) except for SC at gingival margins (p = 0.001). Conclusion: SC should be used only at gingival margins of permanent teeth. Clinical significance: Application of self-adhesive composite should be limited to gingival margins of permanent teeth.