Bridging the gap in public trust in science: An intergroup relations perspective

Abstract

In this perspective, we discuss the problem of mistrust in science through the lens of intergroup dynamics. Within this framework, we focus on why and how certain groups—most notably conservative-leaning audiences, individuals high in social dominance orientation and those who endorse science-populist beliefs—perceive scientists as a socially distant and even threatening out-group. We outline evidence-based strategies—including structured contact and collaboration, recategorization, crossed categorization and decategorization and perspective-taking/perspective-giving—and illustrate how they can be applied to rebuild trust between scientists and the public. Examples include participatory citizen science projects, joint community-scientist initiatives, highlighting scientists' overlapping identities with target communities and communication that reflects both scientists' and community members' moral perspectives. We emphasize that these interventions must be tailored to local contexts and guided by diagnostic research that identifies which groups hold the most negative perceptions of scientists, how scientists perceive the public and specific social-psychological mechanisms at play—such as perceived moral conflict and symbolic threat. Finally, we caution against viewing intergroup approaches as stand-alone solutions; rather, we suggest they should complement broader systemic efforts to improve the information environment and the social conditions under which trust in science can thrive.