Impact of sublingual sildenafil on pulmonary hypertension in patients with heart failure

Abstract

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a factor of poor prognosis in the postoperative period of heart transplant (HT) and thus, the study of the degree of reversibility to vasodilators is mandatory during the preoperative assessment. Objective: To evaluate the pulmonary and systemic hemodynamic effects of sildenafil as a vasodilator during the PH reversibility test in patients that are candidates to HT. Methods: Patients awaiting HT were submitted to the measurement of systemic and pulmonary hemodynamic variables before and after the administration of a single sublingual dose of 100 mg of sildenafil during right heart catheterization. Results: Fourteen patients (age: 47±12 years, 71.4% men) with advanced heart failure Ejection Fraction (EF) 25 ± 7%, Functional Class (FC - NYHA) FC III - 6 and FC IV - 8, were evaluated in this study. The acute administration of sildenafil showed to be effective in decreasing the systolic (62.4 ± 12.1 vs 51.5 ± 9.6 mmHg, CI=95%, p<0.05) and mean (40.7 ± 7.3 vs 33.8 ± 7.6 mmHg, CI=95%, p <0.05) pressures of the pulmonary artery. There was also a significant decrease in the pulmonary (4.2 ± 3 vs 2.0 ± 0.9 uWood, CI=95%, p<0.05) and systemic vascular resistance (22.9 ± 6.8 vs 18.6 ± 4.1 Wood, CI=95%, p<0.05), associated to an increase in the cardiac output (3.28 ± 0.79 vs 4.12 ±1.12 uWood, CI=95%, p<0.05) without, however, significantly interfering in the systemic arterial pressure (87.8 ± 8.2 vs 83.6 ± 9.1 mmHg, CI=95%, p=0.3). Conclusion: The sublingual administration of sildenafil is an effective and safe alternative as a vasodilator during the PH reversibility test in patients with heart failure and awaiting a HT.