Pressure Profiles and Mass Estimates Using High-resolution Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Effect Observations of Zwicky 3146 with MUSTANG-2

Abstract

The galaxy cluster Zwicky 3146 is a sloshing cool core cluster at z  = 0.291 that in X-ray imaging does not appear to exhibit significant pressure substructure in the intracluster medium (ICM). The published M 500 values range between to (22.50 ± 7.58) × 10 14 M ⊙ , where ICM-based estimates with reported errors <20% suggest that we should expect to find a mass between M ⊙ (from Planck, with an 8.4 σ detection) and M ⊙ (from ACT, with a 14 σ detection). We investigate the ability to estimate the mass of Zwicky 3146 via the Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) effect with data taken at 90 GHz by MUSTANG-2 to a noise level better than 15 μ K at the center and a cluster detection of 61 σ . We derive a pressure profile from our SZ data, which is in excellent agreement with that derived from X-ray data. From our SZ-derived pressure profiles, we infer M 500 and M 2500 via three methods— Y – M scaling relations, the virial theorem, and hydrostatic equilibrium (HE)—where we employ X-ray constraints from XMM-Newton on the electron density profile when assuming HE. Depending on the model and estimation method, our M 500 estimates range from 6.13 ± 0.69 to (10.6 ± 2.0) × 10 14 M ⊙ , where our estimate from HE is (±27% stat) (±7.9% sys, calibration) × 10 14 M ⊙ . Our fiducial mass, derived from a Y – M relation is (±7.9% stat) (±5.4% sys, Y – M ) (±6.9% sys, cal.) × 10 14 M ⊙ .