Epidemiologic characterization of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in various regions of Yunnan Province of China

Abstract

Background: This study was designed to determine the Human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and its distribution of genotypes in various regions of Yunnan Province, China. Method: In this study, participants were recruited during routine gynecologic examination between Oct 2013 and Feb 2015. A total of 17,898 women were recruited. Polymerase chain reaction was used for detecting the HPV positive samples and HPV geno-array test was used for genotyping. Results: The overall HPV infection rate (19.9%) among the south-western women was significantly higher (P = 0.001) than that among the north-western (18.0%), south-eastern (13.3%), north-eastern (11.1%) and central women (12.9%). The high-risk (HR) (18.1%, P = 0.001) and single genotype (16.7%, P = 0.001) infection rates among the South-western women were also significantly higher than those of among the north-western (13.9%, 11.3%), south-eastern (11.6%, 10.5%), north-eastern (9.6%, 9.1%) and central women (10.5%, 10.0%), respectively. While, the infections with multiple HPV (4.2%) genotypes were significantly more common (P = 0.001) among women in north-western Yunnan than women in the south-western (1.3%, 3.1%), south-eastern (1.%, 2.7%), north-eastern (1.5%, 2.0%) and central Yunnan (2.4%, 2.9%). A total of 30 HPV genotypes were detected; among them 13 were HR-HPV, 3 were PHR-HPV (Potential High risk), 8 were LR-HPV (Low risk) and six were unclassified. The most common HPV genotypes were HPV-52, 16, 58, 53 in control group, HPV-16, 52, 58, 39 and 53 in CINI (Cervical intraepithelial Neoplasia), HPV-52, 16, 58, 33, 53 and 81 in CINII, HPV16, 58, 18, 52, 81 in CINIII and HPV-16 18, 58, 52 in cervical cancer (CC), respectively. Such variation has also been observed about distribution of HPV genotypes distribution among single and multiple infections. Conclusion: This study gives an epidemiological estimate of HPV prevalence and different genotype distribution in various region of Yunnan province and further explains its prevalence in different neoplastic lesions. Overall HPV-16, 52, 58, and 18 are the leading HR-HPV genotypes.