Development of Balloon Biogas Plant for Small Farmers

Abstract

Biogas plants are a sustainable and environmentally friendly way of generating energy from organic waste materials such as animal manure, crop residues, and food waste. In addition to producing biogas, these plants also generate nutrient-rich bio-slurry, which can be used as a fertilizer to improve soil fertility and crop yields.The utilization of natural resources for cooking gas generation has been a longstanding practice in various countries. However, the prevalent issue with existing systems lies in their chambers, which are prone to damage due to low-quality materials. Additionally, their construction often requires skilled labor and high-quality materials, posing challenges in affordability and accessibility. A comparison study conducted by referring problems that lead to troubleshooting in Biogas Plants between various types of biogas and a novel balloon-type biogas system has been designed and developed to address these limitations. The system exhibits cost-effectiveness, weather resistance, and thermophilic characteristics, enabling operation at high temperatures of 50°-55°C, within the range suitable for the digestion of mesophilic bacteria (40°-50°C) that contribute to gas generation. The work also elaborated to enhance biogas efficiency by incorporating a scrubber module capable of removing impurities such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbon dioxide (CO2), and water vapor (H2O).