Are female–male imbalances in covid-19 mortality rates driven mainly by innate sex differences?

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to synthesize and analyze existing evidence on female–male imbalances in COVID-19 mortality rates. Using and replicating data from AG/WGEA, CARE, Curley (2020), Global Health 50/50, Healthline, GPC, IASC, IRC, Moalem (2020), New York Times, Shattuck-Heidorn et al. (2020), UNICEF, and WorldYWCA, we performed analyses and made estimates regarding the gender dimensions of associated outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.