Update on the environmental and economic costs associated with alien-invasive species in the United States

Abstract

Invading alien species in the United States cause major environmental damages and losses adding up to almost $120 billion per year. There are approximately 50,000 foreign species and the number is increasing. About 42% of the species on the Threatened or Endangered species lists are at risk primarily because of alien-invasive species. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.