Avaliação de estirpes e de uma nova formulação granulada de Bacillus sphaericus neide para o controle de mosquitos

Abstract

Nineteen Bacillus sphaericus Neide strains obtained in Brazil were evaluated in addition to a standard strain (2362) supplied by Pasteur Institute. Most strains were more efficient than the standard, and seven of them caused mortality equal to or higher than 80%, at a low concentration (7 × 10 2 spores/ml). Strain ESALQ MS6 was selected for formulation, since it showed better yield in liquid culture medium (3 × 109 CFU/ml). The G4 granular formulation was tested in artificial rearing sites, consisting of plastic buckets containing 10 L water and twenty 3rd-instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae). The efficiency of formulation was compared against a commercial product, at three different concentrations. Evaluations were taken every 24h, at seven and 18 days after inoculation, with subsequent replacement of larvae in the bucket. The G4 formulation was similar to the commercial product, and controlled 100% of the larvae at the concentrations tested; however, the granules remained at the surface for a longer period. In tannery effluent treatment ponds, the G4 formulation at a concentration of 2 kg/ha reduced the number of larvae by 21%, 47%, 85%, and 94%, after 1, 3, 7, and 15 days, respectively.