The Impact of Social Security on Fertility Willingness in OECD Countries

Abstract

The low fertility rate is a common problem faced by all countries in the world today. All countries in the world have adopted different policies to improve the fertility rate. Based on the panel data of 36 OECD member countries from 1995 to 2019, this paper studies the impact of social security level on fertility through a two-way fixed effect model, and also examines the impact of other influencing factors on fertility. The results show that there is a U-shaped relationship between social security expenditure and fertility rate, and the social security coverage rate and fertility rate have a negative relationship, and the impact effect is more indirect. The research results of this paper are helpful to understand the impact mechanism of fertility rate from a macro perspective, and provide reference for the Chinese government to improve fertility rate through multiple channels.