Anti-adenovirus activity, antioxidant potential, and phenolic content of dried flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum extract in HEp2 cell line

Abstract

The aim of this study is to evaluate in vitro anti-adenovirus property, antioxidant potential, and total phenolic content of dried flowers buds of Syzygium aromaticum crude extract. The crud extract was prepared and its anti-adenovirus activity was investigated on HEp2 cell line using MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol–2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, Folin-Ciocalteu method and aluminum chloride colorimetric method was used to determine antioxidant activity, total phenol content, flavonoids and flavonols content of the extract, respectively. Based on results, the 50% cytotoxicity concentration (CC50) and the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the extract were 97.66 ± 11.4 and 4.73 ± 1.6 μg/ml, respectively, with the selectivity index (SI) of 20.64. The crud extract inhibited adenovirus replication in post-adsorption step (p<0.05). The extract showed remarkable scavenging activity with IC50 values of 10.05 ± 1.93 μg/ml. Total phenolic, flavonoid and flavonol content of the crude extract was 255.8 ± 3.95 mg GAE/g, 63.9 ± 2.35 mg RUT/g and 62 ± 2.35 mg RUT/g, respectively. The results of the present study indicated that S. aromaticum crude extract exhibited anti-adenovirus activity with inhibitory effect on adenovirus replication could be considered as a potential anti-adenovirus agents.