Features of training hockey players with hearing impairment at the stage of sports specialization

Abstract

Aim. The article aims to experimentally test the methodology for the development of the main physical qualities in hockey players with hearing impairment in their first and second year of training. Materials and methods. The study involved 38 young hockey players at the stage of sports specialization with hearing loss of 55 dB, which corresponds to an average and high degree of hearing loss. The experiment took place on the premises of the sports school for children and youth of the Gornyak Sports Club (Uchaly, Bashkortostan Republic) and Sports School No 3 named after M.M. Azamatova (Ufa, Bashkortostan Republic). In the control groups, training was carried out in accordance with the traditional ice hockey program developed in compliance with the Federal Standard. Our methodology was included in the training program of hockey players of the experimental group. The main training load was chosen in accordance with the sports school program. Results. Features of the sports training of hockey players with hearing impairment were established, which served as the basis for the development of methods for increasing their physical fitness and the formation of adaptive-compensatory responses of the body in the first and second years of training. The latter are associated with their specific morphofunctional features resulted from damage to the auditory analyzer and secondary changes in the psychoemotional status and functional systems of the body manifested in impaired coordination abilities and a lag in the development of speed-strength and speed qualities. The main physical qualities and their most significant components for adolescent hockey players with hearing impairment in the first and second years of training were identified. Conclusion. Our methodology for training hockey players with hearing impairment aimed at the development of the main physical qualities and their components contributed to improving the coordination abilities of young hockey players, as well as their ability to maintain a vertical posture, dynamic and static balance. Hockey players of the experimental group better acquired the correct rhythm pattern of motor actions, showed better results in tests for the differentiation of muscle effort, intermuscular coordination and the ability to arbitrarily control muscle tension and relaxation.