Impacto de la carga de trabajo del paciente crónico en la adherencia terapéutica

Abstract

Aim: To relate the treatment burden of the independent chronic patient to adherence to treatment. Method: Cross-sectional observational analytical study. The sample consisted of 390 patients from the Basic Health Area of Mogán (Gran Canaria) systematically selected according to the criteria of chronic patient over 50 years of age with established cardiovascular disease including diagnoses of Acute Myocardial Infarction, Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure (AMI, AF and HF). Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and neurological disease with the diagnoses of stroke and Parkinson's disease. The Treatment Burden Questionnaire (TBQ) was used to quantify workload, and the Morisky Treatment Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) was used for adherence. Results: 40.5% of the sample had moderate burden and moderate (38.2%)-low (35.4%) adherence. Low-moderate treatment adherence was associated with a high TBQ score (mean score 64.8 points). The disease groups with the highest burden were neurological diseases (mean TBQ score 74.73 points), COPD (mean TBQ score 69.08 points), and finally cardiovascular diseases (mean TBQ score 64.47 points). There is a statistically significant association between workload and adherence x2= 68.343 p<0.000. Conclusions: Chronic patients with higher workload present lower therapeutic adherence.