Characteristics of patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever and its relationship with the prevalence of dengue shock syndrome in children

Abstract

Introduction: Many dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) cases tend to increase from year to year. This study aims to determine DHF patients' characteristics and determine their relationship with the prevalence of Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) throughout children. Methods: This was a retrospective study using secondary data from medical records at Siti Khodijah Hospital, Indonesia, from 2012 to 2016. Results: Among 963 patients, most patients were in the 5-13 years group (72.4 %), balanced male and female, at good nutritional status (71.8 %), the parental education 74.7 % of high school students. The history of dengue fever before was 2.5 %, and those with multiple infections were 17.8 %. The lowest platelet value of 41.4 % in the range 5×104-1 ×105, followed by a range of 2×104-<5×104of 30.8 %, the percentage increase in hematocrit (HCT) in the range 1-10 % (41.1 %), 11-<20 % (29.9 %) and .20 % by 27.3 %. The discharge status was 97.7 % cured, 1.5 % died, and 0.8 % referred. The diagnosis of non-shock DHF was 83.7 % and 16.2 % DHF with shock. There were significant correlation in children fs characteristics with DHF with prevalence of DSS including nutritional status (p=0.001), parental education (p=0.036), history of dengue fever (p=0.001), platelet value (p=0.001), the percent increase in HCT (p=0.001), and discharge status (p=0.001). Conclusion: Nutritional status, parental education, history of DHF, lowest platelet value, the percent increase in hematocrit value, and the patient's discharge status were associated with the prevalence of DSS.