Financial institutions concentration and financial inclusion penetration in Nigeria: a comparative analysis

Abstract

This paper examines financial inclusion penetration in two southwestern states (Lagos and Ekiti) in Nigeria. Lagos has a high concentration of financial Institutions, while Ekiti has few financial institutions. This paper uses survey research design and logit regression analysis to show evidence of a significant difference in financial inclusion penetration in the two states and its impact on the business performance and well-being of the citizens of the states. The study reveals that penetration is higher in Lagos at 81% and lower in Ekiti at 60%. Irregular income/job loss, unknown/hidden charges, long queues in the bank, and high maintenance fees constitute a top threat to 80% financial inclusion achieved in the Southwest zone. The study, therefore, recommends intervention policy that considers state-level characteristics. Also, government policy on employment generation should target low-income earners who are worse-off during an economic downturn.