Dynamics Above-Ground Carbon Stock Mangrove Ecosystems Based on PlanetScope Imagery in Coastal Pakuhaji-Tangerang, Indonesia

Abstract

Mangrove ecosystems are essential in the environment to maintain the ecological function of an area. Tangerang Regency has substantial mangrove resource potential. Mangrove ecosystems on the coast of Pakuhaji-Tangerang, experienced a significant dynamic change in area in the period 2020 to 2025. The mangrove area was recorded at 235 hectares in 2020, increased to 343 hectares in 2022, then decreased to 296 hectares in 2025. In addition to its ecological function, the mangrove ecosystem in this region is also utilized as an eco-tourism area and a source of traditional medicine. Mangrove carbon stock estimation was conducted using a quadratic model approach based on NDVI values that were gradually converted into Above Ground Biomass (AGB), Above-Ground Carbon (AGC), and Accumulated Carbon Stock (ACS). The estimation model was developed through linear regression between field data and NDVI values and validated using Spearman correlation and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) tests. The analysis showed a Spearman correlation value of 0.67 and an RMSE of 34.77, indicating an acceptable level of model accuracy. This study shows that NDVI values from PlanetScope satellite imagery can be used as a representative indicator in detecting and spatially monitoring mangrove carbon stocks.