RSSI Analysis on CSS Modulation in the 433 MHz Frequency Band Using Lora in Flood Sensor

Abstract

Long Range (LoRa) Low Power is a transmission technology that allows multiple sensors to connect to the Internet of Things in the future. LoRa uses chirp spread spectrum (CSS) frequency modulation, which promises remote connectivity with very low power consumption. In particular, this paper focuses on the analysis of Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) for flood sensor CSS modulation because a good flood sensor is a flood sensor that has high accuracy in conveying information so that the signal power received is in good condition. This white paper presents a detailed model of using LoRa with flood sensors and shows that LoRa can send sensor data over long distances with full RSSI values. The results show the possibility of a narrowband network with a frequency of 433 MHz and a short range of coverage using an average RSSI of-50 dB at a maximum unobstructed distance of 600 meters. LoRa communication with CSS modulation and good RSSI values is not sufficient for long-distance communication with data in the form of video or large sensor data due to the use of long distances and wide bandwidth, preferably, the use of the LoRa module as transmission is carried out in an area that does not have too many obstacles so that the quality of the RSSI produced during modulation has good results. But LoRa is sufficient for this study. According to the Type Ai Thinker datasheet, the Ai Thinker Ra-02 SX 1278 can only be set up to 125KHz. The drawbacks of using large sensor data over long distances and large footprints make CSS vulnerable to other potentially large resources.