EXTERNAL MIGRATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR

Abstract

The beginning of the russian-Ukrainian war caused a powerful wave of migration of Ukrainians to Western Europe. The protracted nature of the war and the opportunity to socialize in the EU countries made some Ukrainian refugees not want to return to Ukraine, which creates a shortage of labour, on which the government has high hopes for post-war economic recovery. The purpose of the work is to study the structure, dynamics and causes of forced external migration from Ukraine in 2022 and subsequent re-emigration, outline effective measures for the return of forced migrants. For an em-pirical study of the dynamics and structure of migration processes for the period under study, UNHCR data were processed. The systematic analysis made it possible to sub-stantiate the theoretical and methodological foundations and regularities of the formation of a re-emigration policy in Ukraine, and the method of expert evaluations-to assess the impact of external migrations caused by military actions in Ukraine on socio-economic development. Analysis of the reasons for migration and re-emigration of Ukrainians in 2022 allows us to assert that the reasons for re-emigration are much more important. This gives reason to claim that the majority of Ukrainian migrants will return to Ukraine after the end of the war if the government implements state programs to provide housing for re-emigrants who lost their homes due to the war, preferential conditions for renting premises, construction of multifunctional settlements with appropriate environmental conditions on the sites of monofunctional settlements, state financial support and creation of new jobs. At the same time, the authors predict uneven settlement of Ukraine, where the western and central regions of the country will be more populated. The biggest challenge for the government will be the return of highly qualified Ukrainians with a high level of adaptation to another culture, who know foreign languages and IT technologies, and whose services EU countries are extremely inter-ested in. For this category of migrants, additional simplified business opening proce-dures and a broad information campaign are needed, which will build confidence in a successful business in Ukraine.