Evaluation of Workflow Delays in Stroke Reperfusion Therapy: A Comparison between the Year-Long Pre-COVID-19 Period and the with-COVID-19 Period

Abstract

Aim: We evaluated the delay in stroke reperfusion therapy between the pre-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) period and the with-COVID-19 period, and compared this delay between each phase of the with-COVID-19 period. Methods: Patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) undergoing intravenous thrombolysis and/or mechanical thrombectomy were selected from our single-center prospective registry. The time to perform reperfusion therapy were compared between patients admitted from March 2019 to February 2020 (pre-COVID-19 group) and those from March 2020 to February 2021 (with-COVID-19 group). Patients in the with-COVID-19 group were further divided into three 4-month-long subgroups (first-phase: March to June 2020; second-phase: July to October 2020; third-phase: November 2020 to February 2021), and the time delay of reperfusion therapy were compared between these subgroups. Results: Of 1,260 patients with AIS hospitalized in the study period, 265 patients were examined. Compared with the pre-COVID-19 group (133 patients; median age, 79 years), the with-COVID-19 group (132 patients; median age, 79 years) had a longer median door-to-imaging time (25 min vs. 27 min, P=0.04), and a longer door-to-groin puncture time (65 min vs. 72 min, P=0.02). In the three 4-month-long subgroups, the median door-to-needle time (49 min, 43 min, and 38 min, respectively; P=0.04) and door-to-groin puncture time (83 min, 70 min, and 61 min, P＜0.01, respectively) decreased significantly during the with-COVID-19 period. Conclusions: The delay in reperfusion therapy increased during the with-COVID-19 period compared with the pre-COVID-19 period. However, the door-to-needle time and door-to-groin puncture time decreased as time elapsed during the with-COVID-19 period.